Umshini Wokuthengisa Isikrini Sokuthinta vs Amamodeli Ezinkinobho Zendabuko

Ukukhetha phakathi komshini wokuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta kanye nomodeli wenkinobho yendabuko manje kuthinta okungaphezu nje kokufaka komsebenzisi. Kuthinta indlela imikhiqizo eboniswa ngayo, ukuthi amakhasimende aphequlula kalula kanjani ulwazi, kanye nendlela opharetha abaphatha ngayo amanani, ukukhushulwa, kanye nedatha yokuthengisa. Lokhu kuqhathanisa kuchaza ukuthi ukuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta kuletha izinzuzo ezicacile ekuthengisweni, ukuzibandakanya, kanye nokuguquguquka, kanye nokuthi imishini esekelwe ezinkinobheni ingase ibe nengqondo kuphi ngokulawula izindleko noma ukuthunyelwa okulula. Ekugcineni, abafundi bazoba nohlaka olusebenzayo lokuhlola ukuthi iyiphi ifomethi efanela kangcono indawo yabo yokuthengisa, ukuziphatha kwamakhasimende, kanye nemigomo yokusebenza yesikhathi eside.

Kungani Izinqumo Zokushintsha Imishini Yokuthengisa Ngesikrini Sokuthinta Kuthengiswa Ngaphakathi Kwezitolo

Umkhakha wezokuthengisa ozenzakalelayo ubhekene noshintsho olukhulu kwezobuchwepheshe, oluqhutshwa ukushintsha okulindelwe ngabathengi kanye nesidingookuhlangenwe nakho kokuthenga okusebenzisanayo. Embindini walolu shintsho kukhona ushintsho oluvela ezinhlelweni zesimanje zemishini kuya kumapulatifomu asebenzisanayo athuthukile. Izixhumi zedijithali ezinencazelo ephezulu zithatha indawo yokufaka okubonakalayo okungaguquki, ziguqula abasabalalisi abayisisekelo babe ama-kiosk okuthengisa ahlakaniphile akwazi ukuthengisa ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi.

Idatha yemakethe ikhombisa ukuthi imishini yokusabalalisa ehlakaniphile ikhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula saminyaka yonke esingaphezu kuka-14%, okukhuthazwa kakhulu ukwamukelwa kwezibonisi ezisebenzisanayo ezisukela kumasentimitha angu-21.5 kuya kumaphaneli angamasentimitha angu-49 agcwele. Lokhu kuthuthuka kuphoqa abaqhubi ukuthi bahlole ngokujulile ukuthi imali ephezulu edingekayo ngaphambili kwezixhumanisi zedijithali zanamuhla ivunyelwe yini yithuba lokwanda kwemali engenayo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusebenza.

Abaqhubi basebenzisa kanjani ukuthengisa kwesikrini sokuthinta ukuze bathuthukise

Abathengisi kanye nabaqhubi bemikhumbi basebenzisa izixhumi zedijithali zesimanje ukuze banqobe imikhawulo yokuthengisa yemishini enganyakazi. Ngokusebenzisa izibonisi ezicacile, abaqhubi bangabonisa ukubukwa komkhiqizo okungu-360-degree, ulwazi oluningiliziwe lokudla okunempilo, kanye nokuqukethwe kwevidiyo yokukhangisa. Leli khono livumela amanani aguqukayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kweizinqola zokuthenga zedijithali, okuye kwabonakala kukhulisa amazinga okuthengiselana kwezinto eziningi ngo-30% kuya ku-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zemishini ze-single-vend.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcebo enkulu ye-interface yedijithali ivula imithombo yemali engenayo yesibili ngokukhangisa kwedijithali ngaphandle kwekhaya (i-DOOH). Isikhathi sesikrini esingasebenzi senziwa imali ngokubonisa izikhangiso zezinkampani zangaphandle noma okuqukethwe okukhushulwa kwamanye amazwe, okusheshisa ngempumelelo imbuyiselo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwehadiwe.

Kungani amamodeli ezinkinobho zendabuko esasebenza kahle ku-

Naphezu kokusetshenziswa okusheshayo kwe-interface yedijithali, ama-keypad e-mechanical membrane ahlala ebaluleke kakhulu ezimweni ezithile zokufakwa. Inzuzo eyinhloko isekusetshenzisweni kwemali kokuqala okuphansi kakhulu; amayunithi avamile ngokuvamile abiza ngaphansi ngo-40% kuya ku-50% kunalawo adijithali. Lokhu kuwenza akhange kakhulu ezindaweni eziphansi noma ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi encane yansuku zonke.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo zezinkinobho ezibonakalayo zinikeza ukuqina okuphezulu ezindaweni ezinzima. Ezindaweni zangaphandle ezivezwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile, noma izingozi zokucekelwa phansi okuphezulu, ama-keypad omshini anikeza amaphuzu ambalwa okwehluleka. Ukulula kwe-Vending Machine Controller ejwayelekile (VMC) kuvame ukuhumushela esikhathini sokusebenza esithembekile seminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 ngokunakekelwa okuncane okukhethekile.

Yini Echaza Ukuthengiswa Kwesikrini Sokuthinta Uma Kuqhathaniswa Namamodeli Enkinobho Yendabuko ku

Ukuqonda ukwakheka kobuchwepheshe kwalezi zindlela ezimbili zokusabalalisa kubalulekile kubasebenzi abahlela ukwanda kwemikhumbi. Umehluko udlulela ngale kwesixhumi esibonakalayo sangaphandle, okuhlanganisa amandla okucubungula ayisisekelo, izinqubo zokuxhumana, kanye namakhono okuphatha isitokwe.

Nakuba amayunithi endabuko ethembele kuma-microcontroller avaliwe aklanyelwe kuphela ukusebenza kwezimoto kanye nokuqinisekiswa okuyisisekelo kohlamvu lwemali/ibhili, amayunithi asebenzisanayo anamuhla asebenza njengamakhompyutha akhethekile ezentengiselwano. Lokhu kwehluka okuyisisekelo kwezakhiwo kunquma ukuthi umshini ngamunye uphatha kanjani ukusebenzisana komsebenzisi, ukucubungula izinkokhelo, kanye nokuvumelanisa idatha ye-backend.

Yikuphi ihadiwe, isofthiwe, kanye nesixhumi esibonakalayo esine-touch ehlukile

Ukuhlukaniswa kwehadiwe kuqala esibonakalayo somsebenzisi. Imishini yendabuko isebenzisa izinkinobho ze-membrane noma izinkinobho zokucindezela zemishini ezixhunywe ngqo kwi-matrix ye-VMC. Lezi zixhumi ezibonakalayo zilinganiselwe isilinganiso se-Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) esimaphakathi sokucindezelwa okungaba ngu-500,000. Isofthiwe ngokuvamile isekelwe ku-firmware, idinga ukushintshwa kwe-EPROM ebonakalayo noma ukuxhumana okuqondile kwe-serial ukuze kubuyekezwe.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, imishini yesimanje esebenzisana isebenzisa izikrini zokuthinta ze-projected capacitive (PCAP) noma ze-infrared ezikwazi ukubhalisa izigidi zokusebenzisana. Lezi zikrini ziqhutshwa ama-PC ezimboni asekelwe ku-Android noma ku-Windows. Le hardware eqinile ivumela ukuthunyelwa kwesofthiwe esekelwe efwini, okuvumela izibuyekezo ezisebenza emoyeni (OTA), ukwenza ngokwezifiso i-UI ekude, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-API okungenamthungo nezinhlelo zokwethembeka zenkampani yangaphandle kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula.

Ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo, izinhlelo zokukhokha, i-telemetry, kanye ne-remote kwenziwa kanjani

Ukuguquguquka kokuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo kuthuthukiswa kakhulu yizixhumi zedijithali. Abaqhubi bangabuyekeza ama-planogram abonakalayo, bashintshe amanani, futhi bashintshe izincazelo zomkhiqizo ngokushesha nge-centralideshibhodi yamafungaphandle kwesidingo sokuthumela uchwepheshe ukuthi ashintshe amalebula ephepha angokoqobo. Lokhu kushesha kubalulekile ezindaweni ezidinga ukushintshwa njalo kwempahla, njengabahlinzeki bokudla okusha noma bezimpahla zesizini.

Ukucutshungulwa kokukhokha kanye ne-telemetry nakho kuyahlukahluka kakhulu. Ngenkathi imishini yendabuko ingafakwa kabusha ngabafundi bamakhadi, amamodeli asebenzisanayo afaka izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe ngokujulile ezingenayo imali ezisekela amakhodi e-QR, izinkokhelo ze-biometric, kanye nama-wallet e-crypto. I-telemetry eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ijwayelekile kumamodeli asebenzisanayo, inikeza idatha yesikhathi sangempela enganciphisa imicimbi ephelelwe yisikhathi ngamaphesenti angama-25 ngokuhlela umzila okubikezela, kuyilapho ivame ukudinga isengezo esibizayo se-aftermarket samayunithi emishini asendulo.

Ukuthengiswa Kwesikrini Sokuthinta Kuqhathaniswa Kanjani Namamodeli Enkinobho Yendabuko

Ukuqhathanisa okuqinile kwezentengiselwano kudinga ukuhlaziya kokubili izibalo zezimali zenani kanye nezici zesipiliyoni somsebenzisi ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Abaqhubi kumele balinganisele ukukhanga kobuchwepheshe besimanje ngokumelene nokuthembeka okuqinisekisiwe kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kwezinhlelo ezindala.

Ukuhlola la mamodeli eceleni kwembula ukuhwebelana okuhlukile ekwabiweni kwemali, izindleko zokusebenza eziqhubekayo, kanye nokufaneleka kwemvelo. Abenzi bezinqumo kumele bavumelanise lezi zindlela zokusebenza nemingcele ethile yabantu kanye neyomzimba yezindawo abaqondiswe kuzo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokusebenza ezibaluleke kakhulu: izindleko zebhizinisi, ukulungiswa

Izindleko ezinkulu yizona ezihlukanisa ngokushesha. I-snack ejwayelekile yomshini noma i-drink distribution ngokuvamile idinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okungu-$1,500 kuya ku-$3,500. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-full-filled fullyukuthengisa isikrini sokuthintaIyunithi idinga imali eqala ku-$4,500 kuya ku-$9,000, kuye ngobukhulu besikrini kanye namarobhothi angaphakathi.

Amaphrofayili okulungisa nawo ayashintsha. Amayunithi omshini ahlushwa kakhulu ukungasebenzi kahle ngokomzimba njengokuphazamiseka kwe-spirals okuvinjiwe noma ukwehluleka kwemishini yezinhlamvu zemali, okuxazululwa kalula ochwepheshe abajwayelekile. Amamodeli asebenzisanayo anciphisa izingxenye zomzimba ezihambayo kodwa aletha ubuthakathaka besofthiwe, izinkinga zokulinganiswa kwesikrini, kanye nezidingo zamandla aphezulu. Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwesibonisi esikhulu sezentengiselwano kungangeza ama-watts angu-50 kuya kwangu-150 okusetshenziswa kwamandla okuqhubekayo, okuthinta izivumelwano zesevisi yendawo.

Yiliphi ithebula lokuqhathanisa elivelele kakhulu lokuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta vs.

Ukuze kuboniswe ngokucacile ukwehluka kokusebenza kanye nokwezezimali, i-matrix elandelayo ichaza izilinganiso zokuqhathanisa eziyinhloko phakathi kwalezi zakhiwo ezimbili.

Leli thebula liqokomisa ukuthi nakuba izinhlelo ezindala ziphumelela ngokuphila isikhathi eside kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali okuphansi, amapulatifomu asebenzisanayo anikeza amandla aphezulu okuthola imali engenayo ngokuthengiselana kwezinto eziningi kanye nemithombo yokukhangisa yedijithali yesibili.

Ukufinyeleleka, isivinini sokukhetha, ukuhlanzeka, kanye ne-durabi kwenzeka kanjani

Imithethonqubo yokufinyeleleka ithonya kakhulu ukukhethwa kwemishini. Izixhumi zedijithali zesimanje zingalungisa ngokuguquguqukayo indawo yokuthinta esebenzayo ibe yingxenye engezansi yesikrini, ziqinisekise ukuhambisana okusheshayo nezidingo ze-ADA (Americans with Disability Act) zokufinyelela. Amamodeli emishini adinga ukuthi izinkinobho ezibonakalayo zifakwe unomphela ezindaweni eziphakeme ezihambisanayo, okunciphisa ukuguquguquka komklamo.

Ngokuphathelene nesivinini kanye nokuhlanzeka, izinkinobho zendabuko zisebenza kahle kakhulu kumakhasimende aphindaphindayo asebewakhumbule ngekhanda ikhodi yezinombolo zento abayithandayo, okuvumela ukuthengiselana kungakapheli imizuzwana emithathu. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimfa zomzimba kunzima ukuzihlanza ngempumelelo. Amaphaneli engilazi asebenzisanayo, avame ukuphathwa ngezingubo zokulwa namagciwane, ahlinzeka ngendawo ehlanzwa ngokushesha, isici esaba yindinganiso ebalulekile yokuthenga ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nezinkampani ngemuva kokukhathazeka kwezempilo emhlabeni jikelele muva nje.

Yiziphi Izinyathelo Zokuhlola Ezisebenzayo Okufanele Abathengi Bazilandele Lapho Bekhetha Ukuthinta

Ukuthola imishini yokusabalalisa ethuthukisiwe kumelela ukuzibophezela okukhulu kwezimali okudinga uhlaka lokuhlola oluhlelekile. Ukusheshisa ukuthengwa ngaphandle kokuhlola izinto eziguquguqukayo zesayithi kuvame ukuholela ezimpahleni ezingasebenzi kahle kanye nesikhathi eside sokubuyisela imali ekutshalweni kwezimali.

Abathengi kumele benze ucwaningo olunzulu, badlulele ngale kwemininingwane eyisisekelo yehadiwe ukuze bahlaziye izibalo zabantu ababukele, ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuzibophezela epulatifomu ethile yokwakha.

Abaqhubi kufanele bahlole kanjani ithrafikhi yendawo, ukuziphatha kwezilaleli

Isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokuthethelela izindleko eziphakeme zemodeli esebenzisanayo yithrafikhi yezinyawo yendawo. Izilinganiso zemboni ziphakamisa ukuthi kudingeka umkhawulo omncane wemibono eyingqayizivele yansuku zonke engu-150 kuya ku-200 ukuze kukhiqizwe ivolumu yokuthengiselana kanye nokubukwa kokukhangisa okudingekayo ukusekela umshini ongu-$6,000+. Ezindaweni eziwela ngaphansi kwalo mkhawulo, abaqhubi bazobhekana nobunzima bokufinyelela i-ROI ejwayelekile yezinyanga ezingu-18 kuya kwezingu-24.

Ukuziphatha kwezilaleli kubaluleke kakhulu. Izindawo ezinezikhathi zokuhlala eziningi, njengezindawo zokuhamba, izitolo ezinkulu, kanye nezindawo zokuphumula zezinkampani, zilungele amamodeli asebenzisanayo lapho abathengi benesikhathi sokuphequlula amamenyu edijithali nokubuka idatha yokudla okunempilo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ezindaweni ezisheshayo njengezitezi zasefektri noma imihubhe ematasa, ukujwayelana okusheshayo kwekhiphedi yemishini kuvame ukuveza amazinga aphezulu okuguqulwa.

Yiziphi izici zokuthobela imithetho, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye nezinsizakalo okufanele zibhekwe

Ukuthobela imithetho kudlulela kokubili ezindaweni ezibonakalayo kanye nezedijithali. Ngale kwezindinganiso zokufinyelela ngokomzimba ze-ADA (izingxenye zokusebenza eziphoqelelwayo zibe phakathi kwamasentimitha angu-15 no-48 ukusuka phansi), abaqhubi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi ama-PC afakiwe kanye nama-terminal okukhokha angenamali alandela ngokuqinile imithetho ye-PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) ukuvikela idatha yezezimali yabathengi.

Ukuhlanganiswa kuncike kakhulu ekuzinzeni kwenethiwekhi. Imishini exhumanayo idinga ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okuqhubekayo nokuqinile ukuze icubungule i-telemetry yamafu, isakaze ukukhangisa, futhi igunyaze izinkokhelo ngaphandle kwemali. Abathengi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi isayithi lokusabalalisa linikeza i-Wi-Fi ezinzile noma amandla esignali yeselula okungenani angu--70 dBm kumamodemu e-4G/5G; ngaphandle kwalokho, umshini uzohlupheka ngenxa yokungasebenzi ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, okwenza isikhombikubona sedijithali singabi usizo.

Yiziphi izinyathelo zokuhlola zokuhlola kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi

Ngaphambi kokwenza ukuthuthukiswa kwemikhumbi yonke, abaqhubi kufanele basebenziseIsigaba sokuhlola sokuhlola sezinsuku ezingama-90Lesi sikhathi sivumela ukulinganiswa kokuzibandakanya komsebenzisi, amanani okuthengiselana aphakathi nendawo, kanye nokuzinza kobuchwepheshe endaweni ebukhoma, okunikeza idatha edingekayo ukuqinisekisa icala lebhizinisi lokuqala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathengi kumele babale Izindleko Zobunikazi Eziphelele (i-TCO) esikhathini sokuphila esibikezelwe seminyaka emihlanu. Lokhu kubalwa kumele kufake phakathi hhayi nje izindleko zehadiwe zangaphambilini kodwa futhi nezimali zelayisensi yesofthiwe, izinhlelo zedatha yeselula, kanye nezimali zokugcina ezikhethekile. Imikhuba emihle ifuna ukwabela u-3% kuya ku-5% wentengo yokuqala yokuthenga komshini minyaka yonke ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokufakwa kwesikrini okungenzeka, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-PC, kanye nokusekelwa kwesofthiwe eyimfihlo.

Yimuphi Umshini Wokuthengisa Ongcono Kakhulu Owukukhetha Kwezentengiselwano

Isinqumo sokugcina sezentengiselwano sincike ekuvumelaniseni amakhono emishini nezimo ezithile zezomnotho nezendawo okuzosetshenziswa kuyo. Asikho ikhambi elibanzi; inzuzo itholakala ngokufanisa ihadiwe nendawo ngendlela ehlelekile.

Ngokuhlukanisa izindawo zokusabalalisa ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lomkhiqizo, izibalo zabantu abathengi, kanye namaphrofayili okuphepha, abaqhubi bangenza ngcono ukuthunyelwa kwabo kwemali futhi bandise imingcele yabo yokusebenza.

Isikrini sokuthinta sithengiswa nini ukulingana okuqinile

Amapulatifomu edijithali asebenzisanayo ayisinqumo esiqondile sezindawo zokuthengisa zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezigaba zemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho kukhishwa izimpahla ezibiza kakhulu njengezinto zikagesi zabathengi, izimonyo zokunethezeka, noma imikhiqizo ye-CBD, isibonisi esichaza kahle sisebenza njengomsizi wokuthengisa obonakalayo, sakha ukwethenjwa kwabathengi ngemfundo yomkhiqizo eningiliziwe kanye nokulandisa izindaba zomkhiqizo.

Zingcono futhi ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwemithetho eqinile yokudalulwa kokudla okunempilo, njengezibhedlela nezikole. Ikhono lokubonisa ulwazi oluphelele lwe-calorie oluhambisana ne-FDA kanye ne-allergen livimbela ngokunamandla isidingo samalebula esixwayiso agcwele, aphrintiwe. Kwabasebenzi abahlose ukuthola izinkontileka ezizuzisayo ezakhiweni zamahhovisi ze-Class A noma ezikhumulweni zezindiza zomhlaba wonke, baphakamisa imikhumbi ye-ukuthengisa isikrini sokuthintaimishini ivame ukusebenza njengesici esinqumayoukunqoba ibhidi.

Kunini lapho amamodeli ezinkinobho zendabuko eletha khona inani elingcono ngokusebenzisa

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlelo zendabuko zemishini zihlala ziyisisekelo sokusabalalisa okuphezulu, okungabizi kakhulu. Ezindaweni zokusebenza ezisebenza ngezandla, ezitolo zokulungisa izimoto, kanye nasezindlini zokunethezeka ezijwayelekile, isidingo esikhulu sabathengi ukufinyelela okusheshayo emanzini ayisisekelo kanye nokudla okulula okulula. Izici eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-interface yedijithali zinikeza inani elincane kulezi zimo futhi zisebenza kuphela ekukhuliseni iphuzu lokulinganisa lomqhubi.

Amamodeli endabuko nawo ayabusa ezindaweni eziphephile noma zomphakathi ngokuphelele.

Ukufunda okwengeziwe:

• ukuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta
• ukuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta
• ukuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu sokuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kunini lapho umshini wokuthengisa isikrini sokuthinta unengqondo khona kunemodeli yenkinobho?

Khetha ukuthengisa kwesikrini sokuthinta kumasayithi anabantu abaningi, amakhathalogi emikhiqizo abanzi, kanye nokukhushulwa. Isekela izinqola zedijithali, ukuboniswa kwemikhiqizo okucebile, kanye nezibuyekezo ezikude ezingaphakamisa usayizi webhasikidi futhi zisheshise izinguquko zokuthengisa.

Ingabe imishini yokuthengisa izinkinobho yendabuko iseyindlela enhle?

Yebo. Amamodeli ezinkinobho afanelana nezindawo ezinabantu abaphansi, ezingabizi kakhulu, noma ezibucayi zangaphandle. Ngokuvamile abiza kancane kusengaphambili futhi anganikeza impilo yesevisi ende ngokulungiswa okulula.

Ukuthengisa ngesikrini sokuthinta kungayandisa kanjani imali engenayo?

Ingakhuphula ukuthengwa kwezinto eziningi ngama-digital carts, igqamise ukuthengiswa okuphezulu ngamavidiyo noma imininingwane yomkhiqizo, futhi yenze imali ngesikhathi sesikrini esingasebenzi ngezikhangiso noma ukukhushulwa okuhlukahlukene.

Yiziphi izici zokusebenza ezisekelwa yimishini yesikrini sokuthinta i-YL Vending?

Imishini yesikrini sokuthinta se-YL Vending ingasekela ukuphathwa okusekelwe efwini, izibuyekezo zesofthiwe ye-OTA, izinguquko zamanani ezikude, ama-planogram abonakalayo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokukhokha zedijithali kanye nokwethembeka.

Ingabe ukuthengisa kwesikrini sokuthinta kunzima ukukugcina kunemishini yendabuko?

Akunjalo ngempela. Amamodeli esikrini sokuthinta anama-elekthronikhi athuthukile kakhulu, kodwa ukuxilongwa okukude kanye nezibuyekezo zesofthiwe kunciphisa ukuvakashelwa kwesayithi. Imishini yezinkinobho ilula, yize inikeza amathuluzi ambalwa okuphatha okukude.