Imboni Yomshini Wokuthengisa Ohlakaniphile waseShayina onesitifiketi se-CE

Kubathengi abahlola abahlinzeki be-CE abathengisa e-China abaqinisekisiwe yi-CE, umbuzo obalulekile awukona nje intengo, kodwa ukuthi isitifiketi, ukujula kokukhiqiza, kanye nekhono lokwenza ngokwezifiso kuthinta kanjani ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Ifektri ehambisana ne-CE evumelekile ingenza kube lula ukungena emakethe, inciphise ubungozi bokulawula, futhi ifinyeze isikhathi sokuthunyelwa, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi aseYurophu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwe-ecosystem oluvuthiwe lwaseShayina lunikeza opharetha ukufinyelela kuzici ezihlakaniphile ezifana ne-telemetry, ukuhlanganiswa kokukhokha ngaphandle kwemali, ukupholisa, kanye nezixhumi zesikrini ngezindleko zokuncintisana. Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuthi kungani ukuthengwa kwe-CE okuqinisekiswe yi-CE okuvela eShayina kukhula ngamandla, yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezwa yizimboni ezifanelekayo, nokuthi yiziphi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu lapho kuqhathaniswa ozakwethu ngokuthembeka, isivinini, kanye nezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi.

Kungani Isu Lokuthengiswa Kwempahla Eliqinisekiswe yi-CE eShayina Liyathuthuka

Ukuthola imishini yokuthengisa ezenzakalelayo emhlabeni wonke kudinga ukulinganisela izindleko zemali kusengaphambili kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside. Ukuze abaqhubi bandise imikhumbi yabo, bahlanganyele nefektri yemishini yokuthengisa ehlakaniphile yaseShayina ebizainesitifiketi se-CE esisebenzayosekuyindlela yokuhlinzeka eqhubeka nokuba yiningi. I-China njengamanje ikhiqiza iningi elikhulu lezinto zokwakha zezentengiselwano emhlabeni, isebenzisa amaqoqo amakhulu ezimboni ukuze ilethe i-telemetry ethuthukisiwe, izixhumi zesikrini sokuthinta, kanye nezinhlelo zokuqandisa ngamanani ancintisana kakhulu.

Isitifiketi se-CE sisebenza njengesisekelo esingenakuxoxiswana ngaso sokungena e-European Economic Area (EEA) futhi saziwa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele njengesilinganiso sokuphepha kukagesi. Ngokuthola imishini esivele ihlangabezana nalezi zindinganiso eziqinile zokulawula, abathengi bamazwe ngamazwe bangadlula izinqubo zokuhlola zendawo ezibizayo, basheshise isikhathi sabo sokuya emakethe ngenkathi bevikela idumela lomkhiqizo wabo futhi benciphisa umthwalo wemfanelo.

Izindleko zabasebenzi, izimiso zemvelo zezingxenye, kanye nokwenza ngokwezifiso kuthinta kanjani ukutholakala kwempahla

Ukufuduka kokukhiqizwa kwemishini yokuthengisa eShayina kuhlobene kakhulu nokuqoqwa kwezindawo zemvelo ezikhethekile. Amafektri akhiwe ezindaweni zokukhiqiza anokufinyelela okusheshayoama-compressor ebanga lokuhweba, izinzwa ze-IoT, kanye nezikrini zokuthinta ezihlala isikhathi eside, okunciphisa kakhulu izithiyo zochungechunge lokuhlinzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, abakhiqizi abathuthukile bangahlanganisa amayunithi ayinkimbinkimbi, enziwe ngokwezifiso anesikhathi esifushane njengezinsuku ezingu-15 kuya kwezingu-25 zamamodeli ajwayelekile.

Izindleko zabasebenzi nazo zidlala indima ebalulekile. Nakuba ukuzenzakalela kwenze lula ukwenziwa kwensimbi eshidi, ukuhlanganiswa kwama-harnesses ezintambo ayinkimbinkimbi, ama-terminal okukhokha, kanye namashelufu enziwe ngokwezifiso kusadinga umsebenzi wezandla onekhono. Amaqoqo okukhiqiza aseShayina ahlinzeka ngalokhu ngesilinganiso esivame ukuletha ukwehla okungu-30% kuya ku-40% ezindleleni zokukhiqiza eziphelele uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhungo zaseYurophu noma zaseNyakatho Melika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndlela yokusebenza ivumela ukwenza ngokwezifiso okungabizi kakhulu, okuvumela abathengi ukuthi bacele imibala ye-chassis noma ukuhlanganiswa kwe-API okuhlukile ngaphandle kokubhekana nobuningi be-oda elincane kakhulu (ama-MOQ).

Yiziphi izingxenye zabathengi ezizuza kakhulu emishinini yokuthengisa eqinisekiswe yi-CE

Izigaba eziningana zabathengi ezihlukene zithola imbuyiselo ephezulu kakhulu kule modeli yokuthenga. Abathengisi abakhulu abafuna ukwenza izimoto ezindala zibe zesimanje bazuza kakhulu ezindlekweni ezincishisiwe zamayunithi, okunganciphisa isikhathi sokukhokha sembuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali (ROI) kusukela ezinyangeni eziyi-18 kuya kwezingama-24 kuya ezinyangeni eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14 kuphela ngomshini ngamunye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhiqizo ezimele efuna ukuthengisa okuzenzakalelayo okunelebula elimhlopheizixazululothola inani elikhulu kuma-OEM aseShayina. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi athengisa izinto zikagesi, izimonyo, noma ukudla okusha, lawa mabhrendi adinga ukuxhumana kwedijithali okunencazelo ephezulu kanye nokuxhumana kwamafu okuthembekile ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nabathengi. Abasabalalisi bezifunda nabo bayazuza, njengoba bengangenisa ihadiwe eqinisekisiwe yi-CE ngobuningi, balondoloze umkhawulo wamanani okuncintisana ezindaweni zabo zasendaweni ngenkathi beqinisekisa ukuthobela ngokugcwele imithetho yokuphepha kamasipala.

Yini Echaza Umshini Wokuthengisa Ohlakaniphile Oqinisekisiwe yi-CE ovela eShayina

Umshini wokuthengisa ohlakaniphile wesimanje uchazwa yikhono lawo lokuhlanganisa izindlela zokusabalalisa zendabuko nokuxhumana kwedijithali. Ngokungafani nemishini yakudala esebenza yodwa, amayunithi ahlakaniphile avela ezimbonini zaseShayina eziphezulu asebenza njengezindawo zokuthengisa ezixhunyiwe, anikeza ukushintshaniswa kwedatha ngesikhathi sangempela, ukuxazulula izinkinga kude, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwabathengi okusebenzisanayo.

Yiziphi izigaba zomshini, ukucushwa kobuchwepheshe, kanye nezinketho zokukhokha ezibalulekile

Ukwakheka okubonakalayo kwemishini yokuthengisa ehlakaniphile kuyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezintweni ezihlosiwe. Imishini yokudla okulula kanye neziphuzo ezijwayelekile ezisebenzisa i-spiral-coil isathandwa, kodwa kunesidingo esikhulu sabasabalalisi besitayela se-elevator abaklanyelwe izinto ezibuthakathaka, izinhlelo zelokha zezimpahla ezinkulu kakhulu, kanye namayunithi afudumele okudla okushisayo. Osayizi besikrini bayinto ehlukanisa kakhulu, ngamayunithi esimanje avame ukuba nezikrini zokuthinta ezicacile ezingamasentimitha angu-21.5 kuya kwangu-55 zokukhangisa nokukhetha umkhiqizo.

Ukuguquguquka kokukhokha kungenye indlela ebalulekile yokulungiselela. Amayunithi anamuhla kumele asekele ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo nezindlela zokukhokha zomhlaba wonke njengeNayax noma iValina. Lokhu kudinga ukufakwa kwezinqubo ze-MDB (Multi-Drop Bus) kanye ne-interfaces ejwayelekile ye-DEX (Data Exchange Uniform Code), okuvumela imishini ukwamukela amakhadi e-chip e-EMV, izinkokhelo zeselula ze-NFC (njenge-Apple Pay ne-Google Wallet), kanye nezindlela zokukhokha zekhodi ye-QR zasendaweni.

Yini isitifiketi se-CE esivame ukuyihlanganisa nemishini yokuthengisa

Ukuze umshini wokuthengisa ube nophawu lwe-CE ngokusemthethweni, kumele uhambisane neziqondiso eziningana eziqinile zaseYurophu. I-Low Voltage Directive (LVD 2014/35/EU) iqinisekisa ukuthi umshini uphephile ngogesi kubathengi nakochwepheshe, ngokuvamile umboza imishini esebenza phakathi kwama-50V nama-1000V AC. Imishini yokuthengisa kumele iphathe ngokuphephile amagridi kagesi ajwayelekile angama-230V/50Hz ngaphandle kwengozi yamasekethe amafushane noma imililo kagesi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (EMC 2014/30/EU) iqinisekisa ukuthi amamojula e-telemetry omshini kanye nama-touchscreen awakhiphi amaza omsakazo ayingozi angaphazamisa amanye amadivayisi kagesi, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuthi umshini awuthinteki ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle. Okokugcina, i-RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) ivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziyingozi njenge-lead kanye ne-cadmium emabhodini esekethe aphrintiwe omshini kanye nezintambo.

Yimaphi amaphuzu okuqhathanisa okufanele abathengi bawasebenzise lapho behlola imishini yokuthengisa ehlakaniphile

Lapho behlola imishini yokuthengisa ehlakaniphile eqinisekiswe yi-CE, abathengi kufanele baqhathanise ngokuhlelekile imininingwane ejwayelekile namakhono ahlakaniphile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi batshala imali kuyo.ubuchwepheshe obungamelana nekusasaAmaphuzu abalulekile okuqhathanisa afaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla, ukuguquguquka kokukhokha, kanye nezindlela zokulandelela isitokwe.

Ngokusebenzisa la maphuzu okuqhathanisa, abathengi bangahlola ngokunembile ukuthi imininingwane yobuchwepheshe yomshini iyavumelana yini nentengo yawo futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza zezindawo zezentengiselwano ezinabantu abaningi.

Abathengi Kufanele Baqhathanise Kanjani Amafektri Omshini Wokuthengisa Ohlakaniphile eShayina

Ukuzulazula endaweni yabakhiqizi baseShayina kudinga indlela ehlakaniphile yokuhlukanisa amafektri angempela, anamakhono aphezulu kubalamuli. Ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwengqalasizinda yokukhiqiza yomhlinzeki, ukucaca kwezindleko, kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ikhwalithi kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale umlingani wokukhiqiza othembekile wesikhathi eside.

Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlola zefektri eziveza amandla okukhiqiza angempela

Amandla okukhiqiza angempela abonakala ngamakhono angaphakathi efektri kunokuba kube yimigqa yabo yokuhlanganisa kuphela. Abathengi kufanele bafune abakhiqizi abasebenza okungenani ngamamitha-skwele ayi-10,000 kuya ku-20,000, ahlonyiswe ngemishini yokusika i-laser ezenzakalelayo kanye nemishini yokugoba ye-CNC yokwenza i-chassis. Ifektri ekwazi ukukhiqiza amayunithi ayi-1,000 kuya ku-3,000 ngenyanga ibonisa ubukhulu obudingekayo ukuze kusingathwe ama-oda amaningi ngempumelelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kwethimba lokuthuthukisa isofthiwe langaphakathi kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile somhlinzeki osezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuthengisa okuhlakaniphile kudinga izibuyekezo ze-firmware eziqhubekayo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-API okungenamthungo nesofthiwe yokuphatha impahla evela eceleni. Abathengi kufanele baceleokulandwayoizitifiketi zokuphathwa kwekhwalithi ye-ISO 9001 zefektri kanye nemibiko yokuhlola ye-CE ngqo evela kumkhiqizi kuya ku-qinisekisa iziqinisekiso zabo.

Yiziphi izindleko ezithinta kakhulu izindleko eziphelele zokufika

Intengo ye-ex-works (EXW) noma i-Free on Board (FOB) yomshini iyinxenye eyodwa kuphela yezindleko eziphelele zokufika. Ukukhetha izinto ezibonakalayo kuthinta kakhulu amanani; isibonelo, ukukhetha i-chassis yensimbi ehlanganisiwe engu-1.2mm inikeza ukuvikelwa okuphezulu kokulwa nokucekelwa phansi uma kuqhathaniswa ne-chassis ejwayelekile engu-0.8mm kodwa kuzokhulisa izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngokufanayo, ukucacisa izinhlobo ze-compressor eziqashelwa emhlabeni wonke njenge-Embraco noma i-Secop kuzongeza entengo yeyunithi kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa zesikhathi eside.

Umthamo wezimpahla kanye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kungenye indlela enkulu yokushintsha izindleko. Isitsha sokuthumela esijwayelekile esingamamitha angu-40 i-High Cube (40HQ) ngokuvamile singathwala imishini yokuthengisa ephakathi kuka-24 kuya ku-27. Ukwandisa isikhala sesitsha kubalulekile, njengoba izindleko zokuthutha olwandle zingasukela ku-$1,500 kuya ku-$4,000 ngesitsha ngasinye kuye ngamanani okuthumela emhlabeni wonke, okunezela ngempumelelo izindleko zokuthutha ezingama-$60 kuya ku-$150 ngomshini ngamunye.

Yikuphi ukuqhathanisa okuhlukanisa kangcono abahlinzeki ngokuthobela imithetho kanye nekhwalithi

Ukuhlukanisa abahlinzeki ngokuhambisana nemithetho kanye nekhwalithi kudinga ukubheka ngale kwezimangalo zokumaketha nokuhlola izinqubo zabo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile. Amafektri amahle kakhulu asebenzisa izivivinyo zokuguga ezinzima, asebenzisa imishini njalo amahora angu-48 kuya kwangu-72 ngaphambi kokupakisha ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwefriji kanye nokuqina kwebhodi lomama.

Ngokuhlukanisa abahlinzeki ngezigaba kulezi zigaba, abathengi bangavumelanisa isu labo lokuthenga nezidingo zabo ezithile zokwenza ngokwezifiso, ivolumu, kanye nokuhambisana ne-CE okuqinisekisiwe.

Yiziphi Izinyathelo Zokuthola Izinto Eziwusizo Nezokungenisa Ezinciphisa Ingozi Lapho U-oda

Ukungenisa imishini esindayo, eyinkimbinkimbi kagesi ngaphesheya kwemingcele yamazwe ngamazwe kuletha izingozi ezikhona, kusukela ekubambezelekeni komthetho emasimini kuya ekulimaleni okungenzeka kwezokuthutha. Ukusebenzisa inqubo ehlelekile yokuthola nokuqinisekisa kubalulekile ukunciphisa lezi zingozi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ihadiwe isebenza njengoba kulindelekile lapho isetshenziswa.

Abathengi kufanele baqinisekise kanjani imibhalo ye-CE, amasampula, kanye nokuhlolwa kwefektri

Isinyathelo sokuqala sokunciphisa ubungozi ukuqinisekiswa ngokucophelela kwamadokhumenti okuthobela imithetho. Abathengi kumele bacele iSimemezelo Sokuthobela (i-DoC) kanye nemibiko yokuhlola ephelele evela ezinhlanganweni eziqashelwayo eziqashelwayo (njenge-TUV, i-SGS, noma i-Intertek). Amadokhumenti kufanele abhekiselwe ku-cross-reference ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinombolo ezithile zemodeli ezi-odwayo ziyafana nalezo ezisezitifiketi ze-CE.

Uku-oda iyunithi yesampula kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ngaphambi kokuzibophezela ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi. Isampula ivumela ithimba lobuchwepheshe lomthengi ukuthi lihlole ngokomzimba ukuhlanganiswa kwesango lokukhokha, lihlole ukuphendula kwesixhumi esibonakalayo sesikrini sokuthinta, futhi liqinisekise ukusebenza kwesiqandisi—njengokuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini weziphuzo ungehla uye ekushiseni kwangaphakathi okungu-4°C kungakapheli imizuzu engama-45. Uma isabelomali sivuma, ukuqasha i-ejensi yokuhlola evela eceleni ukuthi yenze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwefektri kanye nokuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa (i-PSI) kunikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha.

Yimaphi amagama ezentengiselwano, ukuhlela izinto, kanye nezimfuneko zokufaka ezibalulekile

Ukuxoxisana ngemigomo yezentengiselwano ecacile kusungula uhlaka lokuziphendulela. Imigomo ejwayelekile yokuhweba yamazwe ngamazwe njenge-FOB (Free on Board) noma i-CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) kumele ichazwe ngokucacile enkontilekeni ukuze kunqunywe umthwalo ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Abathengi kumele futhi baqinisekise ukuthi imishini isebenzisa iziqandisi ezihambisana nemvelo, njenge-R290 noma i-R134a, ezihlangabezana nemithetho yendawo yegesi yokushisa umhlaba ezweni oya kulo.

Ukufakwa nokulungiswa ngemva kokulethwa kufanele kuqale ngaphambi kokuba imishini iphume efektri. Abathengi kufanele baxoxisane ngesivumelwanoisivumelwano sezingxenye eziseleabakhiqizi abadumile bavame ukufaka u-1% kuya ku-2% wenani eliphelele le-oda ezingxenyeni ezisele zamahhala, eziguga kakhulu (njengezindlela zemali, imichilo ye-LED, noma izintambo ezikhethekile). Ukuhlola iphothifoliyo yomhlinzeki ekhona yezindinganiso ezijwayelekileimikhiqizokanye nokuthola izincwadi zesevisi ezinemininingwane yolimi lwesiNgisi kuzokwenza kube lula kakhulu inqubo yokufaka ochwepheshe bendawo.

Abathengi Banganquma Kanjani Ukuthi Umhlinzeki Wokuthengisa Oqinisekisiwe yi-CE use-

Ukukhetha umlingani wokukhiqiza ofanele ekugcineni kuncike ekuvumelaniseni amakhono efektri nemodeli yebhizinisi yomthengi yesikhathi eside. Isu lokuthenga eliphumelelayo libheka ngale kwentengo yokuqala ukuze lihlole inani eliphelele lomjikelezo wokuphila kwemishini kanye nokuzibophezela komhlinzeki ekusekelweni okuqhubekayo.

Yikuphi ukuhwebelana okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwentengo, isivinini, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, kanye nokusekelwa

Abathengi bahlala beshintshashintsha phakathi kwentengo, isivinini ukuya emakethe, kanye nezinga lokwenza ngokwezifiso. Ukuthenga amamodeli ajwayelekile aqinisekisiwe yi-CE kuvumela ukuthunyelwa okusheshayo, ngokuvamile ukuthunyelwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-15 ngamanani ancintisana kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amamodeli ajwayelekile angase angabi nezimpawu zokuthengisa ezihlukile noma izindlela ezikhethekile zokusabalalisa ezidingekayo emibonweni yokuthengisa ekhethekile.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwenza ngokwezifiso okujulile—njengokuhlanganisa izingalo zokusabalalisa zerobhothi ezizimele noma ukuthuthukisa isikhombikubona somsebenzisi esisekelwe ku-Android esenziwe ngokwezifiso—kungandisa izikhathi zokuhola zokukhiqiza zibe yizinsuku ezingu-30 noma ezingu-45 futhi kudinga ama-MOQ aphezulu ukuze kuthathwe izindleko ze-R&D. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha umbhidi ophansi kakhulu kuvame ukuholela ezindlekweni ezifihliwe kamuva, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sokusekelwa okungaphansi kwesilinganiso ngemuva kokuthengisa, ukuxhumana okulibaziseka kuzo zonke izindawo zesikhathi, noma imibhalo yobuchwepheshe ehunyushwe kabi.

Yiziphi izindlela zokugcina zesinqumo ezisiza abathengi ukukhetha umhlinzeki

Isinqumo sokugcina kufanele sincike ekuhlolweni okuphelele kokuthembeka komhlinzeki kanye nengqalasizinda. Izindlela ezibalulekile zokuthatha izinqumo zifaka phakathi ukucaca kanye nobude bemigomo yewaranti; izinga elijwayelekile embonini iwaranti yonyaka owodwa emshinini ophelele kanye newaranti yeminyaka emi-3 ku-compressor. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholakala kwe-responsive, i-English speaker.onjiniyela bokusekela ubuchwephesheongasiza ngokuxilonga isofthiwe ekude kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukufunda okwengeziwe:

• Ukuthengisa okuqinisekiswe yi-CE eShayina
• Ukuthengisa okuqinisekiswe yi-CE eShayina
• Ukuthengisa okuqinisekiswe yi-CE eShayina

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Iziphetho ezibaluleke kakhulu kanye nesizathu sokuthengisa okuqinisekiswe yi-CE eChina
• Imininingwane, ukuhambisana, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengozi okufanele kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuthi uzibophezele
• Izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezisebenzayo kanye nezixwayiso abafundi abangazisebenzisa ngokushesha

imibuzo ejwayelekile ukubuzwa

Kungani ukhethe umshini wokuthengisa oqinisekiswe yi-CE ovela eShayina?

Kukusiza ukuthi ungene ngokushesha kwi-EEA, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuthobela imithetho, futhi kuvame ukwehlisa izindleko zamayunithi ngenkathi kugcinwa izici zesimanje njengezikrini zokuthinta, i-telemetry, kanye nokusekelwa kokukhokha ngaphandle kwemali.

Yiziphi iziqondiso ze-CE ezivame ukusebenza emishinini yokuthengisa ehlakaniphile?

Imishini eminingi idinga ukuhambisana ne-LVD 2014/35/EU kanye ne-EMC 2014/30/EU. Uma amamojula angenantambo efakiwe, ezinye iziqondiso zingasebenza kuye ngokucushwa.

Imboni yomshini wokuthengisa ohlakaniphile yaseShayina ingaletha ngokushesha kangakanani?

Amamodeli ajwayelekile avame ukukhiqizwa ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-15-25. Ukwakhiwa ngokwezifiso kungathatha isikhathi eside ngokusekelwe kusayizi wesikrini, ihadiwe yokukhokha, uphawu, kanye nezidingo zokuhlanganiswa kwesofthiwe.

Ingabe i-YL Vending ingenza ngokwezifiso imishini eqinisekisiwe yi-CE yomkhiqizo wami?

Yebo. I-YL Vending ngokuvamile ingasekela ukumaka okumhlophe, imibala yeshasi, izinketho zesikrini, izakhiwo zamashelufu, kanye ne-API ekhethiwe noma ukuhlanganiswa kwenkokhelo kwezigaba ezahlukene zomkhiqizo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokukhokha okufanele zisekelwe umshini wokuthengisa oqinisekiswe yi-CE?

Funa ukuhambisana kwe-MDB ne-DEX kanye ne-chip ye-EMV, izinkokhelo zeselula ze-NFC, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwesango njenge-Nayax noma i-Valina. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka kuzo zonke izimakethe zaseYurophu nezamazwe ngamazwe.